2021-04-20
2307
2020年10月,世界银行发布的《贫困与共享繁荣2020:形势逆转》报告称,新冠肺炎疫情、地区冲突和气候变化问题,进一步拖慢了减贫进程,预计到2021年极贫人口总数可能增至1.5亿人。如不采取迅速、重大且实质性的政策行动,到2030年将全球极端贫困率降至3%以下的联合国可持续发展目标1将无法实现。 2021年2月,中国宣布消除绝对贫困。占世界人口近五分之一的中国,提前10年实现《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》减贫目标。联合国秘书长古特雷斯致信习近平主席,表示“这一重大成就为实现2030年可持续发展议程所描绘的更加美好和繁荣的世界作出了重要贡献”,“中国取得的非凡成就为整个国际社会带来了希望,提供了激励”。 世界好,中国才能好;中国好,世界才更好。 2021年4月6日,国务院新闻办公室发布《人类减贫的中国实践》白皮书,展示中国消除绝对贫困的伟大历程,介绍人类减贫的中国探索和实践,分享中国扶贫脱贫的经验做法。 中国减贫实践于世界减贫事业有何意义?中国又为世界减贫事业做出了哪些贡献?一起来看《人类减贫的中国实践》白皮书怎么说——
世界好,中国才能好;中国好,世界才更好。中国始终把自身命运与世界各国人民命运紧密相连,在致力于消除自身贫困的同时,积极参与国际减贫合作,做国际减贫事业的倡导者、推动者和贡献者,与各国携手共建没有贫困、共同发展的人类命运共同体。
China will prosper only when the world prospers, and vice versa. The country has always closely linked its future with that of the rest of the world. While committed to eradicating its own poverty, China has actively participated in international cooperation on poverty alleviation, acted as an advocate, facilitator of and contributor to the international cause of poverty alleviation, and worked with other countries to build a global community of shared future that is free from poverty and pursues common prosperity.
100年来,在中国共产党领导下,中国人民从翻身解放到解决温饱、从基本小康到全面小康,中国以自己的发展为人类反贫困作出重大贡献。
Over the past 100 years, China has contributed to global poverty alleviation under the leadership of the CPC through its own development – from winning the people's liberation to meeting their basic needs, from ensuring them a moderately prosperous life to building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
改革开放以来,按照现行贫困标准计算,中国7.7亿农村贫困人口摆脱贫困;按照世界银行国际贫困标准,中国减贫人口占同期全球减贫人口70%以上。在全球贫困状况依然严峻、一些国家贫富分化加剧的背景下,中国打赢脱贫攻坚战,提前10年实现《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》减贫目标,显著缩小了世界贫困人口的版图,“为实现2030年可持续发展议程所描绘的更加美好和繁荣的世界作出了重要贡献”。
Since reform and opening up, more than 770 million of China's rural population living below the current poverty line have been raised from poverty, accounting for more than 70 percent of the global total over the same period according to the World Bank's international poverty standard. Against the backdrop of severe global poverty and a widening gap between the rich and the poor in some countries, China has won the battle against extreme poverty and achieved the poverty alleviation goal set on the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule. This has significantly reduced the world's poor population and made a significant contribution towards realizing a better and more prosperous world, as envisioned by the Agenda.
作为世界上最大的发展中国家,中国实现了快速发展与大规模减贫同步、经济转型与消除绝对贫困同步,如期全面完成脱贫攻坚目标任务,大大加快了全球减贫进程,谱写了人类反贫困历史新篇章。
As the largest developing country, China has achieved rapid development in step with large-scale poverty alleviation, and economic transformation in step with the elimination of extreme poverty. It has completed all poverty eradication targets and tasks on schedule, which, as a new chapter in the history of the fight against poverty, has greatly accelerated global poverty alleviation.
新中国成立后,努力打破外部封锁,积极开展对外交流合作,争取国际社会支持。改革开放以来,中国与联合国发展系统和世界银行在扶贫领域开展广泛合作,同时接受部分发达国家提供的援助、实施减贫合作项目,不仅在资金投入、知识转移、技术援助等方面获得支持,而且学习借鉴国际社会先进的扶贫理念与方式方法,推动了中国减贫事业发展。
In the early years after the founding of the PRC, China made great efforts to break an external blockade and carry out international exchanges and cooperation in order to win the support of the international community.Since reform and opening up, China has conducted extensive cooperation with the UN development system and the World Bank in the field of poverty alleviation, while accepting assistance from some developed countries and carrying out cooperation projects. It has received support in financial input, knowledge transfer, and technical assistance, and learned from the advanced concepts and methods of the international community in poverty alleviation. All this has provided support to its poverty alleviation effort.
中国先后与联合国开发计划署、世界银行等国际机构和组织合作,在部分贫困县实施外资扶贫项目,引进各种优惠贷款和无偿援助。国际减贫交流合作项目缓解了项目区贫困人口的贫困程度,推动了中国减贫的制度创新和管理水平提升,为项目区的可持续发展奠定了基础。
In cooperation with the United Nations Development Program, the World Bank and other international organizations, China has implemented foreign-funded poverty alleviation projects in some poverty-stricken counties, bringing in various forms of concessional loan and grant aid. These international poverty-alleviation exchange and cooperation projects have alleviated poverty, improved China's institutional innovation and management, and laid a foundation for sustainable development in the project areas.
对国际社会给予的宝贵支持和帮助,中国人民永远铭记在心。中华民族是懂得感恩、投桃报李的民族,中国始终在力所能及的范围内为其他国家减贫和发展提供支持。
The Chinese people will always remember the valuable support and assistance received from the international community. The Chinese nation never forgets the help and generosity it receives, and always reciprocates with the same goodwill; China has always supported other countries in poverty alleviation and development to the full extent of its ability.
中国积极参与全球贫困治理,不断深化减贫领域交流合作,推动建立以相互尊重、合作共赢为核心的新型国际减贫交流合作关系,携手增进各国人民福祉。
To improve the wellbeing of all peoples, China has taken an active part in global poverty management, furthered exchanges and cooperation with other countries, and promoted a new model of international exchanges and cooperation on poverty alleviation, with mutual respect and mutually-beneficial cooperation at its core.
支持广大发展中国家减贫发展。新中国成立伊始,在国家百废待兴、财力紧张的情况下,即向有关国家提供援助,为发展中国家争取民族独立和解放、促进经济社会发展提供了支持。
China has supported other developing countries in poverty alleviation. Immediately after the founding of the PRC, China began to provide assistance to other developing countries in support of their struggle for national independence and liberation and for economic and social development, despite the fact that China had to address its own difficulties with limited financial resources.
改革开放后,中国对外援助内容更加丰富、形式更加多样,促进了中国与其他发展中国家的共同发展。进入新时代,中国担负大国责任,推动对外援助向国际发展合作转型升级,为破解全球发展难题、落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程提出中国方案、贡献中国智慧、注入中国力量。习近平主席在多个国际重大场合宣布中国开展国际发展合作的一系列务实举措,已按期落实或正在按照进度有序推进(专栏16)。
Since reform and opening up, China's foreign aid approach has diversified, which has promoted the common development of China and other developing countries. Entering the new era, China has fulfilled its responsibilities as a major country and upgraded its foreign aid into international development cooperation, contributing its vision and approaches to the resolution of global development challenges and the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. President Xi Jinping has announced on many major international occasions that China's practical measures for international development cooperation have been implemented on schedule or are progressing in an orderly manner (Box 16).
中国发起共建“一带一路”倡议,推动更大范围、更高水平、更深层次的区域经济社会发展合作,支持帮助相关国家更好实现减贫发展。
据世界银行研究报告,共建“一带一路”将使相关国家760万人摆脱极端贫困、3200万人摆脱中度贫困。
China has launched the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to expand deep and high-level regional cooperation on economic and social development, and to help eligible countries better achieve poverty alleviation. According to a World Bank study, the initiative will help 7.6 million people out of extreme poverty and 32 million out of moderate poverty in these countries.
新中国成立70多年来,中国向亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区、大洋洲和欧洲等地区160多个国家和国际组织提供多种形式的援助,减免有关国家债务,为广大发展中国家落实千年发展目标提供帮助。
Over the past 70 years and more, China has provided assistance in various forms to over 160 countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Oceania, and Europe, and international organizations, reduced or exempted the debts of eligible countries, and helped developing countries in their efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.
实施惠及民生的国际减贫合作项目。在亚洲地区,中国与东盟国家共同开展乡村减贫推进计划,在老挝、柬埔寨、缅甸三国乡村基层社区实施“东亚减贫示范合作技术援助项目”(专栏17)。
China has launched international poverty alleviation cooperation projects for the benefit of all. In Asia, China and ASEAN countries have jointly launched a rural poverty alleviation plan, and carried out the East Asia Poverty Reduction Demonstration Cooperation Technical Assistance Projects program in rural communities of Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar (Box 17).
在非洲地区,中国为非洲国家援建水利基础设施、职业技术学校、社会保障住房等设施,打造农业合作示范区,推进实施中非菌草技术合作、中非友好医院建设、非洲疾控中心总部建设等项目(专栏18)。
In Africa, China has helped African countries build water conservancy infrastructure, vocational and technical schools, government-subsidized housing, and other facilities, set up demonstration zones for agricultural cooperation, and carried out China-Africa cooperation projects involving a Chinese-invented technology using grass to grow mushrooms, China-Africa friendship hospitals, and the headquarters of the African Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Box 18).
在南太平洋地区,中国推动落实对太平洋岛国无偿援助、优惠贷款等举措,开展基础设施建设和农业、医疗等技术合作援助项目。在拉美地区,援建农业技术示范中心,帮助受援国当地民众摆脱贫困。中国还与联合国教科文组织合作设立国际农村教育研究与培训中心等机构,面向非洲、东南亚等国家实施农村教育转型、教师培训等项目。
In the South Pacific region, China has promoted measures such as grant aid and concessional loans to Pacific island countries, and carried out technical cooperation assistance projects in infrastructure construction, agriculture, and medical care. In Latin America, China has built agricultural technology demonstration centers to help local people in recipient countries shake off poverty. China has also set up the International Research and Training Centre for Rural Education and other institutions in cooperation with UNESCO, and carried out projects on rural education transformation and teacher training for countries in Africa, Southeast Asia and other regions.
分享交流减贫经验。通过搭建平台、组织培训、智库交流等多种形式,开展减贫交流,分享减贫经验。在国际消除贫困日,中国与联合国驻华机构联合举办减贫与发展高层论坛活动。
China has shared its experience on poverty reduction. It has carried out exchanges and cooperation in various forms, including building platforms, organizing training, and conducting think tank exchanges. Together with UN agencies in China, the Chinese government has convened sessions of the Global Poverty Reduction and Development Forum on the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty.
中国发起中国-东盟社会发展与减贫论坛、人类减贫经验国际论坛,举办中非减贫与发展会议、“摆脱贫困与政党的责任”国际理论研讨会、改革开放与中国扶贫国际论坛等一系列研讨交流活动。与东盟秘书处和东盟有关国家合作,面向基层村官(社区官员)实施“东盟+中日韩村官交流项目”。
China has initiated the China-ASEAN Forum on Social Development and Poverty Reduction, and the International Forum on Sharing Poverty Reduction Experience, and has hosted a series of discussion and exchange activities including the China-Africa Poverty Reduction a